N48culn 


rUjLf* 


New  York   University 


Bulletin 


Vol.   XI. 


June    30,    191 1. 


No.    18 


THE  LI    MB  OF  THE 
3te  ©rganijation  anb  Cqutpment 


CAMPUS   OF   NEW   YORK   UNIVERSITY    AT   UNIVERSITY   HEIGHTS 


cv 


UNIVERSITY  building 
WASHINGTON  SQUARE  EAST,  NEW  YORK,  N.  Y. 


Published  by  New  York  University  at  the  University  Building, 
Washington  Square,  East,  monthly,  November— March,  and 
weekly,  April— June,  and  entered  at  the  New  York  Post  Office 
as  second-class  matter  under  Act  of  July  16,  1894. 


FIRST  SEAL  OF  THE  UNIVERSITY 


CHANCELLORS    OF   NEW   YORK  UNIVERSITY 

James  M.  Mathews,  D.D 1831-1839 

Theodore  Frelinghuysen,  LL.D 1839-1850 

Isaac  Ferris,  D.D 1852-1870 

Howard  Crosby,  D.D 1870-1881 

John  Hall,  D.D. 1881-1891 

Henry  Mitchell  MacCracken,  D.D.,  LL.D.     .      .     .  1891-1910 

Elmer  Ellsworth  Brown,  Ph.D.,  LL.D 191 1- 


present  seal  of  the  university 


FIRST   UNIVERSITY    BUILDING    AT    WASHINGTON    SQUARE 


HISTORICAL   SKETCH 

EW  YORK  UNIVERSITY  was  founded  in 
that  period  of  the  nineteenth  century  that  was 
rendered  distinctive  by  the  development  of  the 
conception  of  the  importance  of  the  individual. 
It  was  the  period  in  which  the  individual 
citizen  received  political  freedom  by  the  removal  of  prop- 
erty and  religious  restrictions  from  the  franchise;  in  which 
the  toil  of  the  masses  was  lessened  by  the  develop- 
ment of  the  great  industrial  inventions,  and  in  which  dis- 
tances were  more  than  cut  in  half  by  the  inauguration  of  a 
system  of  internal  waterways  and  by  the  use  of  steam  as  a 
motive  power.  The  spirit  of  the  time  was  reflected  in  the 
minds  of  a  group  of  men  in  New  York  City  who  conceived 
the  idea  of  a  University  that  should  serve  the  people,  that 
would  provide  needful  training  for  engineers,  architects, 
teachers  and  business  men,  as  well  as  for  the  learned  pro- 
fessions, and  that  would  be  universal  in  its  scope.  Such  was 
the  plan  of  the  founders  of  New  York  University,  contem- 
plating a  College,  Engineering  School,  School  of  Law, 
School  of  Medicine,  a  school  for  the  training  of  teachers, 
and  a  department  of   Graduate   Study.      It  was  a  protest 


PRESENT  UNIVERSITY  BUILDING   AT   WASHINGTON    SQUARE 


against  the  then  existing  educational  institutions,  a  move  to- 
ward a  new  system  of  education.  They  were  far  ahead  of 
their  time  in  their  educational  views,  so  far  indeed  that  it 
remained  for  the  last  quarter  of  the  century  to  see  the  full 
consummation  of  their  plans. 

The  earliest  record  of  the  conception  of  New  York  Uni- 
versity exists  in  the  minutes  of  certain  meetings  of  nine  citi- 
zens of  New  York.  The  first  meeting  was  held  on  Decem- 
ber 16,  1829,  and  was  followed  by  others  held  more  or  less 
frequently  throughout  that  month  and  January,  1830.  A 
call  for  a  representative  conference  of  citizens,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  considering  the  establishment  of  a  university  on  a 
liberal  and  extensive  foundation,  was  sent  out  by  these  citi- 
zens for  January  8,  1830.  At  this  meeting  a  standing  com- 
mittee of  nine  members  was  appointed,  for  the  purpose  of 
securing  shareholders  and  of  launching  the  new  enterprise. 
The  work  proceeded  steadily,  and  on  October  15,  1830,  a 
Council  was  chosen  by  the  shareholders  from  their  number. 
This  Council  included  among  others  the  following  well- 
known  names :  Rev.  James  M.  Mathews,  General  Morgan 


UNIVERSITY    HEIGHTS    FROM   207TH    STREET   SUBWAY    STATION 


Lewis,  Hon.  James  Tallmadge,  Hon.  Albert  Gallatin,  Valen- 
tine Mott,  M.D.,  Edward  Delafield,  M.D.,  Myndert  Van 
Schaick. 

Meanwhile,  the  Committee  had  appointed  a  sub-committee 
to  invite  men  of  eminence  in  higher  education  to  attend  an 
educational  convention  in  New  York,  October  20-23, 
1830.  This  was  not  only  for  the  purpose  of  obtaining  the 
benefit  of  the  views  of  educational  experts  in  the  establish- 
ment of  the  proposed  university,  but  also  for  the  purpose  of 
promoting  the  common  cause  of  education  throughout  the 
nation.  The  meetings  of  this  convocation  were  held  in  the 
Common  Council  Chamber  of  the  City,  and  representatives 
of  a  dozen  different  American  institutions  of  higher  educa- 
tion were  present.  Many  themes  of  educational  importance 
were  discussed,  including  the  reasons  for  the  supremacy  of 
European  universities,  the  different  conditions  existing  in 
the  United  States  and  in  Europe,  the  proper  curriculum  for 
a  college,  the  question  of  graduate  study  and  of  a  school  for 
the  training  of  teachers.  All  agreed  with  George  Bancroft, 
that  New  York  City  offered  an  excellent  field  for  the  study 
of  medicine  and  of  law.  Henry  E.  Dwight  of  New  Haven 
said:  "The  friends  of  literature  throughout  the  Union  are 
looking  with  intense  interest  toward  this  University.  .  .  . 
As  our  population  becomes  more  dense,  there  must  be  a 
greater  division  of  mental  as  well  as  physical  labor,  and  to 
meet  the  wants  of  the  country,  our  literary  institutions  must 
be  remodeled  or  new  ones  must  be  established." 


The  University  Charter  was  secured  April  21,  183 1.  Al- 
though the  original  plan  had  contemplated  six  separate 
schools,  it  was  found  impossible  to  launch  all  these  divisions 
at  this  time,  and  the  work  began  with  instruction  simply  in 
the  College,  with  special  courses  in  Mathematics  and  Physi- 
cal Science  for  those  who  wished  to  become  trained  in 
engineering.  The  first  sessions  were  held  in  the  fall  of  1832 
at  Clinton  Hall,  on  the  southwest  corner  of  Nassau  and 
Beekman  Streets.  One  hundred  and  fifty-seven  students 
were  enrolled  during  the  first  year,  and  there  were  eighteen 
professors  on  the  faculty  roll. 

A  new  site  was  acquired  at  Washington  Square  in  1833, 
and  the  cornerstone  of  the  University  Building  was  laid 
July  1 6th  of  that  year.  Work  on  the  new  building  was  in- 
terrupted, however,  and  it  was  not  opened  for  classes  until 
1835,  and  was  not  dedicated  until  May  20,  1837.  It  was  in 
this  building,  in  the  fall  of  1835,  that  Prof.  Samuel  F.  B. 
Morse  invented  the  recording  telegraph.  It  was  here,  too, 
that  in  1839  Dr.  John  W.  Draper  perfected  Daguerre's  sys- 
tem of  photography  and  took  the  first  picture  of  the  human 
countenance  ever  made ;  and  it  was  on  the  roof  of  this 
building  that  in  1839  Professors  Draper  and  Morse  opened 
the  first  photograph  gallery  in  the  world.  Of  the  graduates 
of  the  University  during  these  first  years,  it  is  said  that  more 
than  half  entered  the  ministry  and  a  quarter  entered  the 
law,  which  shows  that  the  University  itself  had  not  avoided 
the  criticism  which  had  been  made  of  other  institutions  by 
its  founders — i.e.,  that  they  served  almost  exclusively  the 
learned  professions. 

In  1835,  H°n-  Benjamin  F.  Butler,  Attorney-General  in 
Jackson's  Cabinet,  at  the  request  of  the  University  Council, 
published  a  plan  for  the  organization  of  a  law  faculty  and 
for  a  system  of  instruction  in  legal  science.  This  plan  pro- 
vided for  a  three-year  course  of  study  and  was  adopted  by 
the  Council  in  1838,  and  Butler  was  elected  as  the  Principal 
of  the  Faculty,  with  William  Kent  and  David  Graham,  Jr., 
as  Professors.  The  scheme  of  legal  study  was  new  to  New 
York,  and  was  opposed  by  many  members  of  the  bar,  who 
thought  that  the  only  way  in  which  a  knowledge  of  the  law 
could  be  gained  was  by  study  in  an  attorney's  office.  There 
were  no  more  than  fifteen  or  twenty  students  in  the  depart- 
ment during  the  first  year,  and  when  Butler  was  appointed 
United  States  District  Attorney  by  Van  Buren  in  1839,  the 
instruction  lapsed. 

Provision  had  been  made  in  the  original  plan  for  a  medical 
college,  but  no  beginning  was  made  until  the  winter  of 
1838-9,  at  which  time  the  Council  decided  upon  a  plan  for 
the  school  and  chose  the  proposed  professors.     It  was  not 


until  1841,  however,  that  the  Faculty  was  definitely  elected 
and  work  begun.  The  most  noted  men  of  the  new  Medical 
Faculty  were  Dr.  Valentine  Mott,  the  foremost  surgeon  of 
the  day,  and  Dr.  John  W.  Draper — Professor  of  Chemistry, 
who  had  served  as  the  head  of  this  department  in  the  Col- 
lege since  1839.  The  Medical  School  established  headquar- 
ters at  the  Stuyvesant  Institute  at  659  Broadway,  on  the 
site  of  the  present  Broadway  Central  Hotel.  The  School 
was  semi-proprietary  in  nature,  the  fees  being  given  to  the 
professors,  the  University  granting  the  diploma  and  receiv- 
ing simply  the  graduation  fee.  This  School  was  successful 
from  the  start.  During  the  first  year,  239  students  from 
27  States  and  foreign  countries  were  enrolled,  and  by  1850 
there  were  more  than  400  students  on  the  rolls.  The  gradu- 
ates of  the  School  enjoyed  many  privileges  both  in  this  coun- 
try and  abroad,  on  account  of  the  distinguished  character  of 
the  members  of  the  Faculty.  In  185 1  the  Medical  Faculty 
sold  the  Stuyvesant  Institute  and  bought  a  lot  on  Four- 
teenth Street,  the  site  of  the  present  Tammany  Hall,  erecting 
a  new  building  for  the  use  of  the  School.  This  building  was 
used  until  the  spring  of  1866,  at  which  time  it  was  destroyed 
by  fire.  The  Medical  College  took  up  temporary  headquar- 
ters in  the  New  York  Hospital,  and  in  1869,  having  decided 
to  remove  to  the  vicinity  of  Bellevue  Hospital,  rented  a 
building  on  East  Twenty-sixth  Street.  Property  on  Twenty- 
sixth  Street,  east  of  First  Avenue,  was  acquired  soon  after, 
and  a  building  was  erected  in  1876.  The  faculty  of  the 
Medical  College  made  a  great  contribution  to  the  cause  of 
Medical  Science  and  humanity  by  securing  the  passage  by 
the  State  Legislature  in  1853  of  the  Act  legalizing  dissec- 
tion. Prior  to  this  act  it  had  been  a  felony  to  dissect  a  dead 
body,  and  consequently  little  instruction  in  surgery  had  been 
given. 

The  University  Council  at  its  meeting  on  May  27,  1858, 
again  took  up  the  question  of  the  School  of  Law,  instruction 
in  which  had  lapsed  in  1839,  and  named  certain  Professors 
to  give  courses,  allowing  them  to  decide  upon  the  schedule. 
This  School,  like  the  Medical  College,  was  semi-proprietary. 
The  beginnings  of  the  Law  Library  were  furnished  by  the 
generosity  of  John  Taylor  Johnston.  Among  the  members  of 
this  first  Faculty  were  Hon.  Thomas  W.  Clerke — Judge  of 
the  Supreme  Court,  Hon.  Levi  S.  Chatfield — late  Attorney- 
General  of  the  State  of  New  York,  and  the  Hon.  Theodore 
H.  Sedgwick — United  States  District  Attorney.  During 
the  first  year  this  School  had  an  enrollment  of  70  students. 
It  did  not  increase  rapidly  in  size,  however,  owing  to 
the  popular  idea  that  a  sound  knowledge  of  legal  principles 
could  be  obtained  only  through  study  in  an  attorney's  office. 


_. 

■  -    : 

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LANGUAGE    HALL    AND    LIBRARY    FROM    SOUTHEAST    CORNER    OF    CAMPUS 

For  the  first  half  century  of  the  history  of  the  University 
these  three  Schools — the  College,  the  Law  School  and  the 
School  of  Medicine — were  the  only  ones  to  be  developed,  and 
of  these,  two,  the  Law  School  and  the  School  of  Medi- 
cine, were  semi-proprietary  and  only  nominally  under  the 
control  of  the  University  Council.  The  College,  never  num- 
bering more  than  200  students  in  any  one  year,  was  the  uni- 
versity so  far  as  actual  control  over  students,  definition  of 
requirements  and  election  of  professors  by  the  University 
Council  was  concerned.  The  College  itself  was  far  from 
reaching  the  definition  of  a  modern  college.  The  instruc- 
tion was  of  the  best,  the  standard  of  scholarship  was  of  the 
highest,  and  the  professors  in  charge  of  the  work  were  well 
known  to  the  world  in  their  respective  fields.  But  there  was 
little  of  that  spirit  which  is  the  essence  of  the  American 
college.  This  was  due  largely  to  the  fact  that  there  was 
no  college  community.  There  were  no  dormitories ;  the  stu- 
dents lived  at  home  or  in  private  boarding-houses,  came  to 
the  University  Buiding  each  day  for  four  or  five  hours'  in- 
struction and  then  dispersed,  seeing  no  more  of  each  other 
until  the  following  day,  when  they  came  together  to  go 
through  the  same  routine.    The  Eucleian  Society,  which  had 


10 


LANGUAGE    HALL   AND   LIBRARY  FROM    SOUTHWEST   CORNER  OF   CAMPUS 


been  founded  during  the  first  year  of  the  College's  life,  the 
various  fraternities  and  the  Lacrosse  Team,  which  was  or- 
ganized in  the  seventies,  did  much  to  overcome  this  lack  of 
association  and  to  create  a  loyal  college  spirit,  but  their  in- 
fluence was  of  necessity  only  temporary.  The  College 
needed  a  home  of  its  own,  where  it  might  develop  as  a  self- 
sustaining  unit. 

Financially,  the  first  fifty  years  of  the  history  of  the  in- 
stitution had  been  disappointing.  The  University  debt,  in- 
curred by  the  erection  of  the  building  at  Washington  Square, 
was  not  paid  until  1853.  The  founders  had  looked  for  bene- 
factions from  wealthy  citizens  of  the  community  for  the 
founding  of  an  adequate  endowment ;  their  expectations  had 
not  been  realized.  A  beginning  had  been  made  in  1864-1866 
in  the  foundation  of  a  general  endowment,  through  the  gen- 
erosity of  John  Taylor  Johnston,  John  C.  Green,  Loring 
Andrews  and  others ;  but  the  income  from  this  amount  was 
not  sufficient  to  allow  for  any  extensions  of  the  existing 
plant.  When  tuition  fees  were  abolished  in  the  College  in 
1872  and  tuition  was  given  free  of  charge  to  all  students,  it 
became  necessary  to  make  temporary  arrangements  for  the 
payment  of  current  expenses,  and  to  ask  for  yearly  contri- 
butions for  the  payment  of  professors'  salaries.    The  situa- 


11 


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HAVEMEYER  LABORATORY,   BUTLER    HALL  AND  LANGUAGE   HALL 

tion  was  so  serious  that  in  1876  the  University  was  forced 
to  mortgage  the  Washington  Square  Building  in  order  to 
raise  funds  to  meet  current  expenses,  and  in  1877  it  was 
proposed  to  suspend  sessions  in  the  College  until  further  en- 
dowment could  be  raised. 

The  history  of  New  York  University  from  the  time  of 
its  semi-centennial  centers  around  the  life  and  labors  of  its 
sixth  chancellor,  Henry  Mitchell  MacCracken.  It  is  to  his 
genius  for  organization  and  skill  in  administration  more 
than  to  any  other  factor  that  the  University  owes  its  present 
status.  He  was  called  to  the  University  in  1884  as  Professor 
of  Philosophy,  and  in  1885  was  elected  Vice-Chancellor, 
with  which  office  went  the  functions  of  the  Chancellor  in 
virtually  all  intramural  matters  of  administration.  Dr.  John 
Hall,  who  was  at  the  time  Chancellor,  was  also  pastor  of  the 
Fifth  Avenue  Presbyterian  Church,  and  as  the  duties  of  his 
pastoral  work  were  very  arduous,  the  actual  administrative 
work  of  the  University  was  thrown  more  and  more  upon 
the  shoulders  of  the  Vice-Chancellor.  In  June,  1891,  upon 
the  resignation  of  Dr.  Hall,  Dr.  MacCracken  was  elected 
Chancellor. 

Dr.  MacCracken  entered  upon  his  duties  as  Vice-Chancel- 
lor in  1885,  with  a  keen  sense  of  the  needs  of  the  University. 
He  saw  clearly  that  in  order  for  it  to  attain  its  true  develop- 


12 


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"*  yBi 

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*  "'  -* "    ^  ^ 

MORSE  WALK,   UNIVERSITY  HEIGHTS 

ment  three  things  must  be  done.  First,  a  new  site  must  be 
found  for  the  College,  where  dormitories  could  be  built  and 
a  residence  college  maintained ;  second,  there  must  be  a  re- 
organization of  the  present  University  Schools,  by  which 
the  semi-proprietary  professional  schools  already  in  ex- 
istence should  be  brought  directly  under  University  control, 
and  other  schools  organized  along  the  lines  of  the  orig- 
inal plan  of  the  Founders  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  com- 
munity ;  third,  an  adequate  endowment  must  be  raised  to  ad- 
mit of  these  changes  and  to  increase  the  salaries  of  the 
professors.  The  raising  of  the  endowment  for  the  needs 
of  the  University  necessarily  went  hand  in  hand  with 
the  acquisition  of  a  College  home  and  with  the  reorgan- 
ization of  the  University  Schools,  making  them  possible. 
Their  history  is  its  history,  and  we  will  not  deal  with  it 
separately. 

The  movement  for  the  acquisition  of  University  Heights, 
the  present  home  of  the  College,  was  begun  by  Dr.  Mac- 
Cracken  in  1890,  In  a  report  rendered  by  him  as  Vice- 
Chancellor  to  the  Council,  in  November  of  that  year,  he  first 
called  attention  to  the  limitation  of  the  College  at  its  down- 
town site.  At  the  time  he  contemplated  the  acquisition  of  a 
small  tract  of  five  or  six  acres  in  the  uptown  section  of  the 


13 


city.  During  the  winter  of  1890-91  he  devoted  himself  assid- 
uously to  this  task,  and  as  he  worked  became  more  and  more 
convinced  of  the  feasibility  of  the  plan.  A  meeting  was  held 
on  February  26,  1891,  at  the  residence  of  Mrs.  R.  L.  Stewart, 
871  Fifth  Avenue,  for  the  purpose  of  creating  interest  in  the 
movement,  and  from  this  time  on  the  movement  gained  head- 
way. On  July  1,  1891,  only  three  weeks  after  Dr.  Mac- 
Cracken  took  office  as  Chancellor,  the  University  secured 
an  option  on  the  Mali  estate,  above  East  179th  Street.  Nu- 
merous citizens  contributed  generously,  and  by  May  of  1892 
$200,000  had  been  promised  for  this  purpose,  and  twenty 
acres  of  the  property  was  purchased.  The  Ohio  Society  of 
New  York  City  appointed  a  committee  to  assist  the  Chan- 
cellor in  securing  funds  for  an  athletic  field,  and  their  ef- 
forts brought  about  the  establishment  of  Ohio  Field. 

Work  was  immediately  begun  at  the  new  site  in  fitting  it 
for  the  use  of  the  College.  The  construction  of  Language 
Hall  and  of  the  Havemeyer  Laboratory  was  carried  on  dur- 
ing the  winter  of  1893-94.  A  large  brick  mansion,  which 
was  located  on  the  property,  was  named  Butler  Hall,  in 
honor  of  Charles  Butler,  who  had  been  a  member  of  the 
University  Council  for  more  than  fifty  years,  and  was  fitted 
up  as  a  dormitory,  the  first  college  dormitory  within  the  lim- 
its of  New  York  City.  Several  wooden  pavilions  were 
united  for  the  use  of  the  biological  laboratories.  With  the 
financial  assistance  of  the  late  David  Banks,  two  large 
wooden  buildings  which  were  on  the  property  were  joined 
together  and  fitted  up  for  a  Gymnasium.  Founders'  Day 
was  observed  at  University  Heights  on  April  18,  1894,  the 
class  of  '94  carrying  a  stone  from  the  University  Building 
at  Washington  Square,  and  laying  it  as  the  cornerstone  of 
the  Gymnasium.  The  College  work  was  transferred  to  Uni- 
versity Heights  in  the  fall  of  1894,  and  contrary  to  the  ex- 
pectations of  many,  the  number  of  students  was  even  greater 
than  in  the  preceding  year  at  Washington  Square.  At  the 
same  time  as  the  moving  of  the  College  to  its  new  site,  a 
change  of  great  importance  was  made  in  the  system  of 
study.  This  was  the  adoption  of  the  elective  group  system 
after  the  Freshman  year,  which  at  that  time  had  been 
adopted  by  few  colleges.  In  May,  1895,  came  the  gift  of  the 
Memorial  Library,  the  best  known  building  at  University 
Heights.  Excavations  for  this  building  were  begun  in  the 
summer  of  1896,  and  on  December  5,  1899,  the  Auditorium 
was  opened  for  the  use  of  students  and  instructors.  The 
official  opening  of  University  Heights  was  held  October  19, 
1895.  Gould  Hall — the  present  dormitory — was  opened  in 
1896. 

In  March,   1900,  the  University  received  a  gift  for  the 

14 


*du6&*fas6fc*. 


MEMORIAL  STAIRCASE,  UNIVERSITY  LIBRARY  BUILDING 


READING    ROOM,    UNIVERSITY   LIBRARY 


establishment  of  the  Hall  of  Fame  for  great  Americans. 
This  gift  made  possible  the  building  up  of  University 
Heights  in  such  a  way  as  to  render  it  architecturally  beauti- 
ful, and  also  provided  much  needed  class-rooms  in  the  Mu- 
seum. In  1906  came  the  gift  of  the  Schwab  estate,  round- 
ing out  the  University  Campus  to  more  than  forty  acres  and 
adding  two  fine  residence  halls,  South  Hall  and  West  Hall, 
to  the  buildings  of  the  University.  The  Kennedy  bequest 
which  came  in  1910  made  possible  the  extinguishment  of 
the  mortgage  on  University  Heights,  and  gave  the  Univer- 
sity its  own  Campus  free  and  clear  of  all  indebtedness. 

When  the  College  was  moved  to  University  Heights  in 
1894  the  old  building  at  Washington  Square  was  torn  down, 
and  a  modern,  eleven-story  building  was  erected  on  its  site. 
The  first  eight  floors  of  this  building  were  rented  to  a  book 
publishing  company,  and  the  ninth,  tenth  and  eleventh  floors 
were  reserved  for  the  use  of  the  Law  School  and  the  then 
new  School  of  Pedagogy. 

The  problem  of  the  reorganization  of  the  existing  schools 
on  a  true  University  basis  was  carried  on  at  the  same  time 
as  the  movement  for  the  acquisition  of  the  new  site.  The 
first  School  to  be  reorganized  was  the  College.  The  Col- 
lege had  always  given  special  courses  in  Mathematics  and 
vScience  to  those  who  wished  instruction  in  Engineering. 
In  1886  these  courses  were  supplemented  and  their  instruc- 
tors organized  as  the  Faculty  of  the  School  of  Engineering. 
Little  could  be  done  in  engineering  work  in  the  cramped 
quarters  at  Washington  Square.  With  the  removal  to  Uni- 
versity Heights  in  1894  and  the  gain  in  room,  the  School 
grew  in  vigor  and  life,  even  though  it  had  no  permanent 
building  except  Havemeyer  Laboratory  and  a  wooden  build- 
ing which  was  fitted  up  for  engineering  purposes.  In  1899 
came  new  endowments  for  the  teaching  of  Applied  Science, 
and  the  Department  of  Engineering  became  the  School  of 
Applied  Science. 

In  1886  the  Graduate  School  was  opened  at  Washington 
Square.  This  School  had  been  originally  named  in  the  plan 
of  the  Founders,  and  graduate  degrees  had  been  given  for 
work  taken  in  advanced  Chemistry  courses  given  by  Prof. 
John  C.  Draper.  In  1886  a  statute  was  adopted  by  the  Uni- 
versity, forbidding  the  bestowal  of  the  degrees  of  M.A., 
M.S.,  Ph.D.  and  Sc.D.,  except  upon  examination.  Courses 
were  begun  in  the  fall  of  1886  and  were  given  by  the  pro- 
fessors of  the  University  College.  There  was  no  endowment 
for  this  work,  and  as  the  classes  were  at  first  very  small,  the 
professors  gave  their  time  to  the  work  with  little  or  no  re- 
muneration.   A  high  grade  of  students,  many  of  them  de- 

17 


AUDITORIUM,    UNIVERSITY    LIBRARY    BUILDING 


partmental  teachers  in  the  city  high  schools,  were  attracted 
to  this  School  from  the  very  first. 

In  1889  the  Law  School  was  taken  directly  under  the 
control  of  the  University  Council,  and  a  Dean  appointed. 
Austin  Abbott  was  made  Dean  in  1891,  and  under  his 
great  leadership  the  School  was  soon  raised  to  a  high 
standard.  The  number  of  professors  was  increased  and  a 
department  of  Graduate  study  was  founded.  The  growth 
of  this  School  was  one  of  the  reasons  urged  for  the  trans- 
fer of  the  College  to  University  Heights.  In  1895  the 
Metropolis  Law  School  was  merged  with  the  University 
Law  School  as  the  Evening  Division,  the  professors  of  the 
Metropolis  becoming  professors  in  the  evening  division  of 
the  University  Law  School.  The  enrollment  in  this  School 
for  the  first  year  after  the  consolidation  was  527.  A  three- 
year  course  was  given  in  the  evening  division  and  a  two- 
year  course  in  the  day  division. 

The  School  of  Pedagogy  was  founded  in  1890.  For  three 
years  previous  to  this  date  many  graduates  of  normal 
schools,  who  were  not  eligible  to  membership  in  the  Gradu- 
ate School  had  applied  for  permission  to  take  the  course  in 
Pedagogy  offered  in  that  School.    They  were  allowed  to  at- 

18 


BATTERY  HILL,   UNIVERSITY   HEIGHTS 

tend  as  auditors  or  non-matriculants,  but  were  not  given 
credit  for  their  work  toward  any  degree.  Many  of  them 
were  high  grade  teachers  and  all  of  them  were  good  stu- 
dents. It  was  resolved  to  extend  this  work,  and  to  form  a 
distinct  school,  giving  the  degrees  of  Master  of  Pedagogy 
and  Doctor  of  Pedagogy.  This  was  the  first  School  of 
Pedagogy  ever  established  occupying  the  same  plane  as  pro- 
fessional schools  of  Law,  Medicine  and  Theology.  An 
endowment  was  raised  for  the  purposes  of  this  School,  and 
the  ninth  floor  of  the  University  Building  at  Washington 
Square  was  turned  over  for  its  use. 

The  Women's  Advisory  Committee  was  organized  in  con- 
nection with  the  founding  of  the  School  of  Pedagogy.  As 
soon  as  it  was  seen  that  women  would  come  in  large  num- 
bers to  attend  this  new  school,  the  Council  decided  to 
secure  the  co-operation  of  a  body  of  representative  women 
interested  in  University  education  for  women.  This  Com- 
mittee has  done  splendid  service  for  the  School,  aiding  in 
its  equipment,  the  raising  of  the  endowment,  the  furnishing 
of  the  rooms  and  in  the  establishment  of  new  professional 
courses. 

The  Medical  College  existed  as  a  proprietary  school  un- 
til 1897.    The  ownership  of  the  School  lay  in  several  physi- 


19 


CARNEGIE  LABORATORY,   UNIVERSITY  AND  BELLEVUE    HOSPITAL 
MEDICAL  COLLEGE 

cians  who  ran  it  as  a  business  venture.  The  requirement  by 
the  Regents  of  a  three-year  course  in  medicine  in  1892 
made  the  venture  of  the  proprietors  less  profitable.  There 
were  disputes  among  the  several  proprietors,  and  the  in- 
struction was  not  kept  up  to  university  standards.  On 
March  i,  1897,  upon  the  recommendation  of  its  Committee 
on  the  Medical  College,  the  University  assumed  direct 
charge  of  the  college  and  took  over  its  property.  A  disas- 
trous fire  which  took  place  on  the  property  of  the  Bellevue 
Hospital  Medical  College  at  this  time  led  the  trustees  of 
that  institution  to  make  a  favorable  reply  to  the  proposition 
of  the  University  Council  to  consolidate.  This  consolidation 
was  effected  on  May  19,  1898,  and  the  new  institution  was 
called  the  University  and  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical  College. 

On  August  7,  1899,  the  University  consolidated  with  it- 
self the  two  oldest  colleges  of  veterinary  science  in  the  city, 
under  the  name  of  the  New  York-American  Veterinary  Col- 
lege. 

The  School  of  Commerce,  Accounts  and  Finance  was 
founded  in  August,  1900.  It  was  the  result  of  a  general 
movement  in  Europe  and  the  United  States  in  behalf  of 
higher    commercial    education.      The    direct   cause    of   the 

20 


GYMNASIUM    AND   ASSOCIATION   HALL 


foundation  of  this  School  was  the  action  of  the  State  Society 
of  Certified  Public  Accountants,  in  applying  to  the  Univer- 
sity for  the  establishment  of  a  School  of  Accountancy.  Ac- 
countancy had  been  raised  to  the  standard  of  a  profession  by 
the  Certified  Public  Accountants'  Act  of  1896,  requiring  an 
examination  in  the  theory  of  accounting  in  addition  to  prac- 
tical work.  It  was  for  the  purpose  of  training  young  men 
to  meet  this  standard  that  the  Society  petitioned  the  Uni- 
versity Council  for  the  establishment  of  the  School.  To 
meet  this  need  and  also  to  provide  strong  training  in  Eco- 
nomics and  Business  Administration  for  business  men  the 
Council  established  the  School  of  Commerce,  Accounts  and 
Finance. 

In  1903  the  Collegiate  Division  at  Washington  Square 
was  opened.  The  Faculty  of  the  School  of  Pedagogy  in 
June  of  that  year  had  recommended  to  the  Council  that 
graduation  from  a  recognized  college  of  arts  and  science  be 
made  a  condition  of  matriculation  for  either  the  degree  of 
Master  of  Pedagogy  or  that  of  Doctor  of  Pedagogy.  This 
recommendation,  which  was  adopted  by  the  Council,  shut 
out  from  the  degrees  of  the  School  many  teachers  who  de- 
sired to  work  for  a  degree  and  who  were  unable  to  go  to 

21 


SOUTH    HALL 


an  existing  college  because  they  were  dependent  upon  their 
own  means.  The  Collegiate  Division  was  opened  for  the 
purpose  of  meeting  the  needs  of  this  class  of  students.  Its 
courses  were  given  by  the  professors  of  the  University  Col- 
lege during  the  late  afternoons  of  the  week  and  on  Satur- 
days, so  as  to  be  available  for  teachers  after  their  school 
hours  and  for  others  who  were  unable  to  devote  their  entire 
time  to  the  work. 

In  addition  to  the  reorganization  of  the  two  professional 
schools  and  the  establishment  of  the  five  new  schools,  two 
other  divisions  of  instruction  were  opened  during  Chancellor 
MacCracken's  administration  :  ( i )  The  Woman's  Law  Class 
was  organized  by  the  University  in  1889  to  give  a  course  of 
lectures  on  the  principles  of  Law  for  business  women  who 
did  not  have  time  to  take  the  regular  course  of  the  Law 
School.  (2)  The  Summer  School  was  opened  in  1895  at 
University  Heights,  and  has  continued  at  that  location  to  the 
present  day.  The  opening  of  this  School  was  due  to  two 
facts :  first,  the  desire  of  teachers  in  New  York  City  and  the 
vicinity  to  obtain  courses  in  Education  and  in  Collegiate 
Subjects  during  the  summer ;  second,  the  belief  that  it 
would  not  be  just  to  close  such  an  academic  plant  as  that  at 


22 


Ik 


-JUdBST 


** 


WEST   HALL 


University  Heights  during  the  summer  when  there  was  a 
call  for  the  instruction  that  might  be  given  there. 

Chancellor  MacCracken,  in  resigning  in  1910,  might  well 
have  looked  back  with  pride  upon  the  results  of  his  twenty- 
five  years'  administration.  During  his  time  the  number  of 
faculties  had  grown  from  one  to  eight,  and  the  number  of 
faculty  members  from  10  to  256.  The  number  of  students 
under  direct  University  control  had  grown  from  91  to  4,118, 
and  the  amount  of  fees  collected  had  increased  from  $1,433 
to  $307,472.  The  volumes  in  the  Library  had  increased 
from  9,000  to  97,000.  The  income  of  the  University  had 
grown  from  $26,283  to  $434,378;  the  expenditures  from 
$27,275  to  $441,715;  the  property  of  the  University  from 
$547,500  to  $5,211,321.  He  had  transformed  a  small, 
dwindling  college  and  a  couple  of  unrelated  proprietary 
schools  into  a  university  that  teaches  thousands  of  students, 
and  that  ranks  twelfth  in  size  among  American  institu- 
tions. 


23 


BIRDSEYE    VIEW    OF    LIBRARY 
TAKEN  FROM  A  KITE  AT  AN 

ELEVATION    OF   460    FEET 
(By  the  courtesy  of  Gilbert  T.   Woglom) 


SHOWING   THE 

HARLEM,    THE    HUDSON 

AND  THE   PALISADES 


CAMPUS   VIEW   FROM   THE    MALL 

SCHOOLS  OF  THE  UNIVERSITY 

College  of  Arts  and  Pure  Science 

The  University  College  is  located  at  University  Heights, 
where  it  shares  with  the  School  of  Applied  Science  the  pos- 
session of  a  campus  that  in  point  of  beauty  is  not  to  be  sur- 
passed by  that  of  any  other  college.  University  Heights  is 
unique.  Although  situated  within  the  limits  of  Greater 
New  York  City,  still  it  is  practically  untouched  by  the  city's 
life.  Acquired  at  a  time  when  it  was  a  half-day's  journey 
from  lower  New  York,  and  developed  as  a  strictly  college 
community,  it  has  many  of  the  characteristics  of  the  small 
country  college,  although  now  within  an  hour's  travel  of 
City  Hall.  It  offers  to  the  students  the  advantages  of  the 
college  life  of  the  independent  college  in  a  small  town,  com- 
bined with  the  advantages  that  are  to  be  gained  from  life 
in  the  Metropolis  and  from  intimate  association  with  the 
wider  intellectual  life  of  a  great  University. 

In  its  curriculum  the  College  follows  the  so-called 
"Group  System."  Upon  entrance  the  student  joins  one  of 
three  sections  of  the  Freshman  class,  according  to  whether 
his  preparatory  work  has  included  Greek  and  Latin,  Latin 

26 


HALL    OF   FAME 


and  Modern  Languages,  or  Modern  Languages  and  Sci- 
ences. The  schedule  for  the  Freshman  year  is  closely  pre- 
scribed within  the  group  elected.  Upon  the  completion  ot 
his  Freshman  year  the  student  is  allowed  his  choice  of  eight 
different  groups,  each  of  which  is  arranged  to  put  the  pri- 
mary emphasis  upon  some  different  line  of  study.  Within 
the  group  a  greater  degree  of  election  is  allowed  as  the  stu- 
dent proceeds  in  his  course  until  the  Senior  year,  at  which 
time  the  student  may,  if  he  choose,  co-ordinate  his  college 
work  with  that  of  one  of  the  professional  schools,  complet- 
ing at  the  same  time  his  Senior  year  in  College  and  his  first 
year  in  a  professional  school.  At  the  end  of  the  four-year 
course  the  degrees  of  Bachelor  of  Arts  and  Bachelor  of  Sci- 
ence in  Pure  Science  are  conferred. 

For  admission  to  any  one  of  the  three  sections  of  the 
Freshman  class  the  College  requires  that  the  student  shall 
have  pursued  a  thorough  course  of  preparatory  study  and 
be  proficient  in  fifteen  units  of  secondary  school  subjects,  a 
unit  representing  a  year's  study  in  any  subject  in  a  secon- 
dary school,  constituting  approximately  a  quarter  of  a  full 
year's  work.  Of  these  fifteen  units  eleven  or  twelve  are  in 
specified  subjects,  and  the  balance  may  be  chosen  from  a 

27 


GOULD    HALL,    COLLEGE    DORMITORY 


limited  list  of  electives.  To  determine  the  proficiency  of 
the  student  the  College  holds  its  own  examinations ;  it  also 
accepts  the  certificate  of  the  College  Entrance  Examination 
Board. 

There  are  a  considerable  number  of  scholarships  cover- 
ing tuition  open  to  students  of  the  College  and  of  the  School 
of  Applied  Science.  Deserving  students  who  are  unable  to 
pay  the  entire  amount  of  their  tuition  are  granted  assistance 
out  of  the  Loan  Funds  which  have  been  established  at  the 
University,  and  are  allowed  to  repay  the  loan,  with  interest, 
after  graduation. 

The  students  reside  in  Gould  Hall,  the  modern  college 
dormitory,  in  South,  West  and  East  Halls,  and  in  the  chap- 
ter houses  of  the  several  Greek  Letter  fraternities.  The 
members  of  the  fraternities  obtain  board  in  their  own  chap- 
ter houses ;  students  who  are  not  fraternity  members  may 
secure  board  at  the  Commons  in  East  Hall  or  at  private  resi- 
dences near  the  Campus. 

Socially  the  students  at  University  Heights  have  all  the 
enjoyable  occasions  of  the  students  of  the  small  college. 
The  "Junior  Prom,"  the  Senior  Ball  and  the  several  class 
dinners  are  annual  occurrences.     Among  the  student  activi- 

28 


'              V:     ^         - 

Pi    5#|P                                                         "if 

■      :      ..         . 

ENGINEERING    BUILDING 


ties  are  three  musical  clubs,  a  debating  society,  a  literary 
society,  a  dramatic  club,  a  philosophy  club,  an  engineering 
society  and  a  chess  club.  There  are  three  student  publica- 
tions, an  annual — The  Violet,  a  monthly — The  Colonnade, 
and  a  weekly — The  New  Yorker.  Seven  Greek  Letter  fra- 
ternities have  chapters  at  University  Heights. 

New  York  University  has  developed  strong  teams  in  al- 
most every  branch  of  athletics.  The  University  authorities 
have  always  encouraged  athletics,  holding  that  the  College 
should  develop  the  physical  as  well  as  the  mental  and  moral 
side  of  the  student's  nature.  The  University  gymnastic  team 
in  1907-8  won  the  Intercollegiate  Championship  of  Amer- 
ica. The  basket-ball  team  in  1908-9  and  1909-10  laid  claim 
to  the  American  Intercollegiate  Championship  in  that  sport. 
The  University  track  team  has  always  stood  well  up  in  the 
ranks  of  the  smaller  colleges.  Its  baseball  and  foot-ball 
teams  have  been  growing  stronger  each  year,  and  recently 
have  been  taken  on  to  the  schedules  of  many  of  the  larger 
University  teams. 

School  of  Applied  Science 

Much  that  has  been  said  of  the  College  applies  also  to  the 
School  of  Applied  Science.  The  students  of  the  two  schools 
share  the  same  campus,  dormitories,  and  to  a  considerable 


29 


£a&&fc*S#*y 


UNIVERSITY    AND   BELLEVUE    HOSPITAL    MEDICAL    COLLEGE 

extent  the  same  class-rooms.  They  are  members  of  the 
same  fraternities,  clubs  and  organizations,  and  are  asso- 
ciated in  all  forms  of  student  activities.  In  fact,  it  is  only 
on  the  academic  side  that  the  men  of  the  two  schools  are 
to  be  distinguished. 

The  School  offers  three  courses  of  four  years,  viz.,  Civil 
Engineering,  Mechanical  Engineering  and  Chemical 
Engineering,  leading  to  the  degrees  of  B.S.  in  Civil  En- 
gineering, in  Mechanical  Engineering  and  in  Chemical 
Engineering  respectively.  Engineering  degrees  are  con- 
ferred by  the  School  at  the  end  of  one  year  of  practice,  sub- 
sequent to  graduation,  together  with  the  completion  of  a 
thesis  on  some  engineering  problem. 

The  School  requires  for  admission  to  its  Freshman  class 
the  completion  of  fifteen  units  of  secondary  school  work, 
the  same  amount  as  required  for  admission  by  the  College. 
Of  these  ten  and  a  half  must  be  taken  in  specified  subjects 
and  four  and  a  half  may  be  satisfied  from  a  list  of  electives. 
Especial  emphasis  is  laid  upon  preparation  in  modern  lan- 
guages, higher  mathematics  and  physics.  The  School  gives 
its  own  entrance  examinations,  and  also  accepts  the  certifi- 
cates of  examination  of  the  College  Entrance  Board. 


30 


EDWARD    N.    GIBBS    MEMORIAL    X-RAY    LABORATORY,    PLATE    EXHIBIT    ROOM 

In  addition  to  the  work  given  at  University  Heights,  a 
summer  camp  is  maintained  at  Fly  Mountain,  Eddyville, 
Ulster  County,  N.  Y.,  for  practical  work  in  surveying.  All 
students  of  surveying  are  required  to  spend  the  last  week 
of  August  and  the  first  three  weeks  of  September  preceding 
their  Junior  and  Senior  years  in  camp  and  to  pursue  field 
work  under  the  direction  of  members  of  the  Faculty.  This 
year  there  were  sixty-five  men  in  the  camp.  The  day's 
work  in  the  field  lasts  from  7  A.M.  to  4  P.M.  The  Junior 
class  makes  an  extensive  topographical  survey  of  an  area 
several  miles  long  by  a  mile  or  so  wide,  with  a  large  creek 
running  through  the  center.  The  Senior  class  runs  a  line 
of  railroad,  which  this  year  approximated  a  length  of 
twelve  miles.  This  work  includes  a  reconnaissance,  a  pre- 
liminary survey  and  a  location. 

The  Summer  School 

The  Summer  School  of  the  University  is  also  located  at 
University  Heights,  occupying  the  dormitories,  residence 
halls,  recitation  halls  and  the  fraternity  chapter  houses  dur- 
ing the  vacation  of  the  College  and  the  School  of  Applied 
Science.  The  session  is  six  weeks  in  length,  opening  on 
the  first  Wednesday  in  July.    The  courses  are  for  the  most 

31 


part  duplicates  or  equivalents  of  regular  courses  given  in 
the  University  Schools  during  the  winter,  and  full  Univer- 
sity credit  is  given — subject  to  University  rules — for  such 
courses,  provided  the  student  has  already  satisfied  the 
requirements  for  entrance  to  the  School  in  which  he  wishes 
credit.  Courses  are  now  given  at  the  Summer  School, 
which  are  credited  in  the  University  College,  School  of  Ap- 
plied Science,  Washington  Square  Collegiate  Division, 
School  of  Commerce,  Accounts  and  Finance,  School  of 
Pedagogy  and  Graduate  School.  The  Faculty  of  the  Sum- 
mer School  is  composed  mainly  of  members  of  the  Univer- 
sity Faculty  giving  instruction  in  the  regular  University 
Schools  throughout  the  year,  together  with  members  of  fac- 
ulties of  other  institutions  and  directors  of  special  depart- 
ments who  are  secured  for  the  session.  One  hundred  and 
thirty-one  courses  are  to  be  given  in  the  session  of  191 1. 

The  total  enrollment  for  the  Summer  School  of  1910  was 
529,  of  which  238  were  from  New  York  City  and  291  from 
twenty-nine  States  of  the  Union  and  seven  foreign  coun- 
tries. Three  hundred  and  forty-nine  of  these  students  reg- 
istered as  teachers.  Of  these  twelve  were  members  of  col- 
lege faculties ;  sixteen  were  normal  school  teachers ;  sixty- 
eight  were  high  school  teachers ;  thirty-nine  were  super- 
visors  of  Music,  Drawing,  Kindergarten  or  Manual  Train- 
ing; twenty-six  were  principals  of  schools,  and  one  hundred 
and  eighty-eight  were  teachers  in  graded  schools.  The 
rest  of  the  Summer  School  student  body  is  made  up  mainly 
of  students  in  the  regular  University  Schools,  who  take 
courses  in  the  Summer  School  in  order  to  shorten  the  time 
required  for  their  degree. 

University  and  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical  College 

The  University  and  Bellevue  Hospital  Medical  College 
is  located  at  First  Avenue  and  East  Twenty-sixth  Street, 
directly  opposite  Bellevue  Hospital.  There  are  four  build- 
ings, viz. :  the  College  Building,  erected  by  the  Bellevue 
Hospital  Medical  College  in  1897  and  transferred  to  the 
University  at  the  time  of  the  consolidation ;  the  Carnegie 
Laboratory,  the  generous  gift  of  Mr.  Carnegie  to  the  Belle- 
vue Hospital  Medical  College  in  1885 ;  the  New  Laboratory 
Building,  built  by  the  University  in  1903 ;  and  the  Carnegie 
Laboratory  Extension,  another  generous  gift  of  Mr.  Carne- 
gie, which  was  dedicated  in  the  autumn  of  1910.  The 
buildings  are  adjacent  to  each  other  and  occupy  150  feet 
frontage  on  First  Avenue  and  125  feet  frontage  on  East 
Twenty-sixth  Street,  and  are  so  connected  as  to  give  all  the 
advantages  of  a  single  building  and  to  accommodate  the  in- 
creasing number  of  students.    The  completion  of  the  Carne- 

32 


CORRIDOR    IN    HALL   OF    FAME 


gie  Laboratory  Extension  has  added  much  needed  space  for 
the  various  laboratories  and  has  permitted  of  their  extension. 
Of  special  interest  to  those  interested  in  modern  medicine 
and  surgery  is  the  Edward  N.  Gibbs  Memorial  X-Ray 
Laboratory,  which  has  been  greatly  enlarged  during  the  last 
year,  and  which  is  now  acknowledged  to  be  one  of  the  finest 
of  its  kind  in  this  country.  This  laboratory  now  occupies 
the  entire  basement  of  the  Carnegie  Laboratory  Extension. 
It  is  conducted  especially  to  aid  the  medical  and  surgical 
staff  of  the  College  Clinic  in  the  diagnosis  and  study  of  ob- 
scure forms  of  disease  among  the  poor  under  treatment. 
Among  the  other  laboratories  that  are  especially  well 
equipped  are  those  of  Chemistry,  Bacteriology,  Pathology 
and  Pharmacology. 

The  Medical  College  is  unrivalled  in  its  facilities  for  clini- 
cal instruction.  The  College  Clinic  occupies  the  ground 
floor  of  the  main  College  Building,  of  the  New  Laboratory 
and  the  Carnegie  Laboratory  Extension.  There  are  classes 
for  the  treatment  of  general  medical  and  surgical  cases,  of 
diseases  of  the  eye,  ear,  nose  and  throat,  and  diseases  of 
women  and  children.  Here  also  is  the  Dispensary  and  the 
operating  room  for  minor  operations.  This  clinic  is  one  of 
the  largest  in  New  York  City  for  the  treatment  of  the  out- 
door sick  poor.  During  the  past  year  more  than  116,000 
cases  were  treated  free  of  charge.  The  members  of  the 
Faculty  who  are  attending  physicians  and  surgeons  in  the 
Bellevtie  Hospital  also  hold  regular  clinics  in  the  large  am- 
phitheatre there,  and  take  small  sections  of  the  classes  into 
the  wards,  where  the  students  are  required  to  examine  pa- 
tients. Students  of  the  Fourth  Year  Class  are  also  regularly 
assigned  to  the  care  of  cases  in  the  wards,  under  the  super- 
vision of  the  attending  and  house  staffs. 

The  regular  course  for  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Medicine 
is  four  years  in  length,  of  which  the  first  three  years  are 
spent  largely  in  the  class-rooms  and  in  laboratory  work, 
and  the  fourth  year  in  clinics  and  bedside  teaching.  The 
Medical  College  does  not  conduct  entrance  examinations 
of  its  own.  Its  requirements  for  entrance  are  the  possession 
of  a  Regents'  Qualifying  Certificate  for  Medical  Students, 
which  is  granted  by  the  Department  of  Education  of  the 
State  of  New  York  to  graduates  of  recognized  high  schools 
giving  an  approved  four-year  course.  In  addition  to  this 
certificate  the  authorities  have,  beginning  with  the  class  en- 
tering in  October,  19 10,  required  evidence  of  the  student's 
having  completed  a  course  in  Chemistry  to  the  amount  of 
sixty  hours  of  lectures  and  sixty  hours  of  laboratory  work. 
Beginning  with  the  class  entering  in  October,  1912,  a  year's 
college  work,  including  college  courses  in  Physics,  Chemis- 
try and  Biology,  will  be  required  for  entrance. 

35 


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UNIVERSITY  BUILDING   AT  WASHINGTON    SQUARE.      VIEW   FROM    WASHINGTON    ARCH 

The  University  Law  School 

The  University  Law  School  has  its  home  on  the  tenth 
floor  of  the  stately  Washington  Square  Building.  The  lec- 
ture rooms,  which  look  out  over  Washington  Square  Park, 
are  large  and  well  ventilated,  and  are  far  enough  above  the 
noise  and  dust  of  the  city  to  be  well  adapted  for  study.  A 
large  and  well  selected  library,  founded  by  the  late  John 
Taylor  Johnston  and  enriched  by  collections  given  by  Mrs. 
Margaret  Shepard,  by  the  late  Justice  Charles  P.  Daly,  the 
late  David  Banks,  and  the  Faculty  of  the  Metropolis  Law 
School,  is  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  students  during  term 
time,  from  9  A.M.  to  11  P.M.  There  are  now  over  23,000 
volumes  in  the  library,  including  sets  of  reports  for  every 
English-speaking  country  save  Australia,  and  this  is  only 
partially  lacking.  This  gives  a  working  library  that  is  sec- 
ond to  none  in  New  York  City. 

The  School  is  divided  into  three  divisions,  carrying  on 
morning,  afternoon  and  evening  sessions,  and  the  student 
may  join  any  one  of  these  that  he  may  choose,  or  he  may  se- 
lect work  in  all  of  these  divisions  in  order  to  meet  his  own 
convenience.  This  arrangement  allows  a  student  who  is 
employed  during  part  of  the  day  to  carry  on  his  study  of  the 

36 


ENTRANCE    TO    UNIVERSITY    BUILDING    AT    WASHINGTON    SQUARE 


law  during  his  spare  time.  For  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Laws  a  three  years'  course  of  twelve  hours'  class-room 
work  a  week  is  required.  The  School  offers  a  selection 
among  some  sixty  hours  of  instruction  per  week.  College 
graduates  who  have  received  their  baccalaureate  degree  be- 
fore entering  the  School  are  granted  the  degree  of  Juris 
Doctor  instead  of  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Laws  at  the  end 
of  the  third  year's  study.  The  degree  of  Master  of  Laws 
is  conferred  at  the  end  of  a  year's  course  of  ten  hours  per 
week  following  graduation  from  the  course  for  the  Bachelor 
of  Laws  degree. 

For  admission  to  the  Law  School  the  University  requires 
(a)  graduation  from  a  high  school  recognized  by  the  Re- 
gents of  the  State  of  New  York,  as  giving  an  approved 
four  year  course;  or  (b)  the  Regents'  Qualifying  Certifi- 
cate for  Law  Students,  which  is  granted  by  them  upon  ex- 
amination. The  Law  School  does  not  conduct  entrance 
examinations  of  its  own. 

The  Faculty  of  the  School  consists  mainly  of  practicing 
attorneys  and  the  instruction  is  intensely  practical.  The 
method  of  instruction  followed  is  a  modified  form  of  the 
inductive  "Case  System."     The  student  is  taught  the  law 

37 


LAW  LIBRARY,    UNIVERSITY   LAW   SCHOOL,    UNIVERSITY  BUILDING,    WASHINGTON   SQUARE 


through  a  set  of  selected  cases,  not  by  means  of  a  study  of 
cut  and  dried  principles.  A  certain  set  of  cases  is  assigned 
for  the  lesson,  and  any  student  may  be  called  upon  for  a 
statement  of  any  one  of  the  cases  assigned.  After  the  case 
has  been  stated,  the  principles  of  law  involved  are  discussed, 
and  the  instructor  points  out  the  essentials  of  the  case  and 
reconciles  it  with  all  former  cases.  In  this  way  the  study 
becomes  alive  and  filled  with  interest,  and  the  student  rapidly 
gains  a  large  body  of  substantive  law,  gathered  from  the 
opinions  of  the  greatest  judges  of  history,  as  contained  in 
the  most  celebrated  cases  decided  by  them.  Another  ad- 
vantage of  this  system  is,  that  the  student  unconsciously 
gains  a  good  knowledge  of  the  rules  and  forms  of  pleading, 
through  the  cases  which  he  studies.  The  University  Law 
School  has  always  been  noted  for  its  training  in  pleading 
and  practice,  and  the  success  of  its  graduates  is  largely  due 
to  this  fact.  In  addition  to  training  students  for  the  New 
York  bar,  the  University  Law  School  gives  courses  that 
will  fit  a  student  for  practice  in  any  State  in  the  country. 
Special  training  has  been  given  New  Jersey  students  for 
the  past  two  years  by  a  course  in  Jersey  Practice,  under  the 
instruction   of   Hon.    Frank  A.   Sommer.     Beginning  with 

38 


LIBRARY,   SCHOOL  OF   PEDAGOGY,   UNIVERSITY   BUILDING,   WASHINGTON    SQUARE 

October,  191 1,  a  similar  course  will  be  offered  to  Connecti- 
cut men,  which  will  be  given  by  Hon.  Carl  Foster  of  Bridge- 
port, Connecticut. 

The  University  School  of  Pedagogy 

New  York  University  was  the  first  educational  institution 
to  recognize  the  autonomy  of  teaching  as  a  profession,  by 
creating  a  School  for  the  training  of  teachers  on  the  same 
plane  as  the  Professional  Schools  of  Law,  Medicine  and 
Theology.  The  School  of  Pedagogy,  which  is  located  at 
Washington  Square,  is  not  in  any  sense  a  normal  school. 
Its  special  aim  is  the  training  of  teachers  for  higher  positions 
in  the  field  of  elementary  and  secondary  education,  and  for 
positions  as  teachers  of  pedagogy  in  normal  schools  and  col- 
leges. Apart  from  the  students  who  have  enjoyed  the  ad- 
vantages of  the  School,  but  who  have  not  taken  degrees, 
there  are  to-day  in  the  schools  of  the  metropolitan  district 
one  hundred  and  sixty-eight  of  its  graduates,  of  which  num- 
ber four  are  district  superintendents,  sixty  are  principals 
and  five  are  normal  school  instructors.  Besides  these,  many 
of  its  graduates  are  holding  superintendences  and  professor- 
ships in  other  parts  of  the  country. 

39 


The  curriculum  provides  for  the  broadest  study  of  edu- 
cational problems  in  the  light  of  the  history  of  education, 
of  philosophy,  of  psychology  and  biology,  and  it  embraces 
courses  in  the  history  of  education,  the  history  of  philoso- 
phy, psychology,  anthropology  and  biology  in  their  relation 
to  education,  and  also  a  scientific  study  of  methods  of  teach- 
ing, and  of  systems  and  methods  of  school  administration. 
Several  research  courses  have  lately  been  added  to  the  cur- 
riculum, and  the  experimental  method  is  being  applied  to 
Pedagogy  with  great  success.  A  scientific  study  is  also  be- 
ing made  of  defective  children. 

For  admission  to  the  courses  leading  to  the  degrees  of 
Doctor  of  Pedagogy  and  Master  of  Pedagogy  the  School 
requires  the  student  to  be  a  graduate  of  a  recognized  col- 
lege of  arts  or  science.  The  minimum  requirement  for  the 
degree  of  Master  of  Pedagogy  is  the  completion  of  fourteen 
hours  of  class-room  work  per  week  for  the  University  year 
in  addition  to  proof  of  two  years  successful  experience  in 
teaching.  In  addition  to  the  work  required  for  the  Master's 
degree,  eleven  hours'  of  class-room  work  per  week  for  the 
year  are  required  for  the  degree  of  Doctor  of  Pedagogy. 

The  Graduate  School 

The  Graduate  School  of  the  University,  like  the  School  of 
Pedagogy,  is  located  in  the  University  Building  at  Washing- 
ton Square.  The  School  is  especially  designed  for  advanced 
study  of  those  who  are  departmental  teachers  in  the  high 
schools  of  the  city  and  vicinity,  and  the  hours  of  its  courses 
are  fixed  late  in  the  afternoon  of  school  days  and  throughout 
the  day  on  Saturday  for  their  special  convenience.  More 
than  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  courses  in  twenty  differ- 
ferent  departments  are  offered  each  year.  The  instructors 
are  members  of  the  Faculty  of  the  University  College  and 
School  of  Pedagogy.  There  is  a  close  connection  between 
the  School  of  Pedagogy  and  the  Graduate  School,  advanced 
courses  in  Education  being  credited  toward  the  degree  of 
either  or  both  Schools. 

The  degrees  of  Master  of  Arts  and  Master  of  Science  are 
conferred  upon  the  satisfactory  completion  of  four  full 
courses,  each  of  two  hours  a  week  for  a  school  year,  and  the 
submission  of  a  satisfactory  thesis.  The  degrees  of  Doctor 
of  Philosophy  and  Doctor  of  Science  are  given  upon  the 
satisfactory  completion  of  eight  full  courses  in  the  required 
departments,  the  submission  of  a  satisfactory  Doctoral  thesis, 
and  the  passing  of  an  oral  examination  in  the  field  of  the 
major  department. 


40 


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OVER   THE    HIGH   ONES 

ATHLETICS 


Washington  Square   Collegiate    Division 

The  Washington  Square  Collegiate  Division,  the  youngest 
of  the  University  Schools,  was  established  only  eight  years 
ago.  The  reason  for  its  foundation  was  the  need  that  was 
found  among  teachers  in  the  public  schools  for  a  school 
where  they  could  get  a  consecutive  course  of  study,  leading 
toward  a  baccalaureate  degree,  without  being  compelled  to 
give  up  their  teaching  positions  in  order  to  take  the  work. 
The  course  has  been  gradually  extended  to  accommodate 
graduates  of  normal  schools  and  of  professional  schools  of 
law,  medicine,  theology  and  commerce.  Beginning  with  the 
fall  of  191 1,  the  course  will  be  extended  to  provide  the  full 
four  years  of  college  work,  the  Freshman  year,  having  been 
added,  to  provide  a  course  meeting  the  new  requirements  for 
entrance  of  the  Medical  College,  which  go  into  effect  in 
October,  1912. 

The  courses  are  all  given  by  members  of  the  Faculty  of 
the  College,  School  of  Pedagogy  and  Medical  College,  and 
are  all  of  strictly  collegiate  grade.  During  the  past  year 
108  two-hour  courses  were  given.  Where  the  preliminary 
work  presented  for  entrance  consists  of  work  in  education 
the  degree  granted  is  "Bachelor  of  Science  in  Pedagogy" ; 
where  it  consists  of  graduation  from  a  professional  school 
of  Law,  Medicine,  Theology  or  Commerce,  it  is  Bachelor 
of  Science  "in  Law,"  or  "in  Medicine,"  or  "in  Theology," 
or  "in  Commerce,"  as  the  case  may  be. 

The  School  of  Commerce,  Accounts  and  Finance 

The  School  of  Commerce,  Accounts  and  Finance,  which 
celebrated  its  decennial  this  year,  is  the  first  School  of  the 
University  to  cross  the  thousand  mark  in  the  number  of 
its  students.  There  have  been  during  the  present  year  1,189 
students  enrolled  in  this  School,  thus  making  it  the  largest 
as  well  as  the  best  known  school  of  its  kind  in  the  world. 

The  School  is  designed  for  business  men,  and  the  hours 
of  its  meeting  are  fixed  accordingly.  There  are  two  ses- 
sions, afternoon  and  evening.  The  afternoon  sessions  meet 
from  4.45  to  6.45,  Monday-Friday,  and  the  evening  courses 
from  7.45  to  9.45  of  the  same  days.  The  regular  course  is 
three  years  in  length,  of  ten  hours'  recitations  and  lectures 
per  week,  at  the  end  of  which  the  degree  of  Bachelor  of 
Commercial  Science  is  conferred.  Students  who  are  not  en- 
gaged in  business  are  granted  the  degree  upon  the  comple- 
tion of  a  two-year  course  of  both  afternoon  and  evening 
sessions,  amounting  to  twenty  hours'  work  per  week  for 
each  year.  The  degree  of  Master  of  Commercial  Science 
is  conferred  upon  those  who  complete  certain  advanced 
work,  subsequent  to  receiving  the  B.C.S.  degree. 

43 


EDWARD    N.     GIBBS    MEMORIAL    X-RAY    LABORATORY,    RADIOGRAPHIC    ROOM, 
UNIVERSITY    AND    BELLEVUE    HOSPITAL    MEDICAL    COLLEGE 

For  admission  to  the  regular  course  leading  to  the 
B.C.S.  degree  the  Faculty  requires  high  school  graduation 
or  the  possession  of  the  Regents'  sixty  count  professional 
certificate  which  is  given  upon  examination.  Students  who 
cannot  satisfy  these  requirements,  but  who  have  had  suc- 
cessful business  experience,  are  allowed  to  take  the  courses, 
but  do  not  become  candidates  for  the  degree. 

More  than  eighty  courses  were  offered  during  1910-11 
and  the  number  for  the  coming  year  has  been  increased. 
The  backbone  of  the  School  lies  in  its  instruction  in  Ac- 
counting and  the  greatest  number  of  courses  are  in  that  de- 
partment. Especially  important,  however,  is  the  instruction 
in  Economics,  Corporation  Finance,  Business  Organization 
and  Commercial  Law.  Then  there  are  special  courses  in  In- 
surance, Real  Estate,  Speculation  and  Investment,  Banking, 
Panics  and  Depressions,  Business  English,  and  Journalism. 
The  Faculty  consists  of  men  who  are  in  active  business 
during  the  day,  and  also  others  who  give  all  of  their  time 
to  their  work  as  teachers. 

More  than  95  per  cent,  of  the  student  body  of  this  School 
are  employed  during  the  day,  and  are  carrying  on  their 
studies  after  the  hours  of  employment.     These  students — 

44 


LIBRARY,    SCHOOL  OF  COMMERCE,   ACCOUNTS  AND   FINANCE,    UNIVERSITY   BUILDING, 

WASHINGTON    SQUARE 


according  to  a  report  of  the  University  Registrar  in  April, 
191 1 — earn  an  average  salary  of  $85.58  per  month,  or  a  sum 
total  salary  of  $1,181,000  per  year.  The  large  majority  of 
them  are  employed  in  accounting  or  bookkeeping  positions. 
There  are  also  a  great  many  bank  clerks,  secretaries  and 
teachers.  The  University,  through  its  Efficiency  Bureau, 
is  able  to  secure  better  positions  for  many  of  these  men, 
placing  over  four  hundred  men  during  the  past  year.  The 
student  body  of  this  School  includes  the  largest  per  cent, 
of  foreign  students  of  any  of  the  University  Schools.  Of 
the  graduating  class  of  191 1,  twenty-one  per  cent,  were  from 
foreign  countries.  Most  of  these  men,  after  studying  Ameri- 
can business  systems,  return  to  their  own  lands  to  apply  the 
principles  they  have  learned  to  the  conditions  there. 

The  Woman's  Law  Class 

The  Woman's  Law  Class  meets  three  times  a  week  for 
sixteen  weeks  of  the  year  in  the  Washington  Square  Build- 
ing. This  course  is  meant  for  those  women  who  desire 
some  knowledge  of  legal  principles,  but  who  are  not  able  or 
do  not  wish  to  take  the  regular  course  in  the  University 

45 


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STUDENTS    AND   FACULTY  BURNING   THE  CANCELLED   BOND  IN   CELEBRATION   OF   THE 
CLEARING.  OF   UNIVERSITY    HEIGHTS   OF    INDEBTEDNESS      (SEPTEMBER    28,    I9TO.) 

Law  School.  There  are  two  sessions,  morning  and  evening, 
and  the  student  may  take  either  course  she  may  choose.  The 
course  consists  of  lectures  on  the  principles  of  the  law  of 
contracts,  property,  deeds,  wills,  torts  and  constitutional 
law.  At  the  end  of  the  course  an  examination  is  held,  and 
those  who  pass  it  receive  the  "Chancellor's  Certificate." 


The  New  York-American  Veterinary  College 

This  School  of  the  University  is  located  at  141  West  54th 
Street.  The  course  is  three  years  in  length,  and  for  admis- 
sion the  Regents'  certificate  of  sixty  counts  is  required. 
This  requirement  is  so  high,  as  compared  with  that  enforced 
in  neighboring  States  that  the  enrollment  is  very  small. 


The  Extramural  Division 

The  Extramural  Division  was  organized  in  IQ09  for  car- 
rying University  instruction  to  centers  outside  its  walls. 
Courses  of  lectures  are  given  by  University  lecturers  at 
various  outside  points,  viz.,  Newark,  Paterson,  Brooklyn  and 
Staten  Island,  and  when  taken  by  students  qualified  for  en- 
trance to  one  of  the  University  Schools  will  be  credited  in 
such  School.  During  the  past  year,  instruction  has  been 
given  through  the  Extramural  Division  to  more  than  seven 
hundred  students. 

46 


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Summary  of  University  Statistics 

1010-1911 

DIVISIONS 

0 

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0 

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§2 

U  as 

£ 

t! 

d 

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o£ 

0  <-> 

a. 

J 

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g>2 

1.   Arts  and  Science. 

1 .  College  of  Arts  and^i 

Pure  Science 

199 

'5 

2.  School     of    Applied 

Science  .... 
3.   Graduate  School.     . 

35 

44 

18 

6 

«4 

117 

21  I 

3" 

45 
48 

4.   Summer  School .     . 

529 

5.  School  of  Pedagogy 

34S 

15 

6.   Washington   Square 

Collegiate  Div. 

357 

36 

7.  School  of  Commerce. 

6 

'9 

1 1 

6 

4 

46 

1,198 

69 

II.   Law. 

8.   University  Law 

School 

9 

1 

4 

1 

1=5 

688 

•93 

9.   Woman's  Law    Class. 

3 

4 

53 

III.   Medicine. 

10.   University    Medical 

College 

35 

'9 

34 

19 

67 

•74 

511 

64 

1 1 .   Veterinary  College 

1  1 

2 

1 

14 

«5 

5 

IV.   General 

12.   Library  .... 
Grand  Total    . 

7 

7 

97 

85 

7' 

*3« 

93 

377 

4,445 

490 

Deduct  for   names   counted 

twice 

Net  Total  .... 

I 

3 

4 

8 

270 

96 

82 

67 

3i 

93 

369 

4,175 

490 

In  the  above  total  ''auditors"  are  not  reckoned,  nor  students  ot  the 

Extramural  Division.     More  than  one  thousand  of  these  students  are  in 

attendance  in  the  various  schools  of  the  University. 

Special  circulars  of  the  various  schools  will  be  sent  free  upon  application 

to  the  Registrar,  New  York  University,  Washington  Square,  N.  Y.      In 

writing   please  state  which    circular  is  desired.      The  General  Catalogue 

will  be  sent  upon  receipt  of  twenty-five  cents. 

1  1  u 


V&0 


<ft 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS-URBANA 

C  N48  CUIN      C001 

New  York  University,  its  organization  a 


3  0112  089380700 


